The main causes of unfavorable ecology in the areas of large metallurgical centers of the USSR
Ferrous metallurgy ranks second among industries in the USSR after the fuel and energy complex in terms of the degree of damage to the environment, being characterized by high resource intensity and, as a result, high waste. Concentrations of harmful substances in the atmosphere in the area of large metallurgical centers exceed sanitary standards by two or more times, and pollution of water bodies by industrial effluents continues. According to the IE Central Research Institute of Chermet, in 1988, atmospheric emissions from stationary ferrous metallurgy facilities amounted to 10.9 million tons (17.2% of industrial emissions in the country), which exceeds the maximum permissible emissions (MPI) by 2 times, and the total damage from ferrous metallurgy is estimated at 6-7 billion rubles.
The deterioration of the environmental quality leads to an increase in the incidence of diseases among the population. According to doctors, more than half of all diseases are caused by the harmful effects of chemical, physical and biological environmental factors. Therefore, the solution of environmental problems is currently coming to the fore.
The number of 68 cities in the country with a critical level of pollution of the air basin includes 24 cities (1/3), where large metallurgical facilities are located. Large emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere were recorded in the following metallurgical centers: Krivoy Rog — 1260 thousand tons per year (the share of ferrous metallurgy in emissions is 97.7%), Magnitogorsk — 860 thousand tons and 98.4%, Karaganda — 830 thousand tons and 82.7%, Mariupol — 770 thousand tons and 97.9%, Novokuznetsk — 750 thousand tons and 83.2%, Lipetsk — 656 thousand tons and 90.3%, Cherepovets — 640 thousand tons and 95.5%, Nizhny Tagil — 630 thousand tons and 91.3%.
The number of oncological, allergic, and upper respiratory tract diseases is increasing in these cities. In Mariupol, increased environmental pollution is one of the main causes of the incidence of malignant neoplasms among residents. In Kemerovo, the incidence of hematopoietic organ diseases in children is twice as high as the average in the Union, and upper respiratory tract diseases are 1.4 times higher.
The main reasons for the current unfavorable environmental situation in the areas of large metallurgical centers include the extensive development of the industry, backward technology and equipment, the irrational structure of metallurgical production, the low level of organization of environmental protection measures in the country and the industry, imperfect legislation on environmental protection, lack of economic incentives for rational resource conservation and environmental management. The casino free spins bonus allows you to try new slot games without risking your own money. To claim this offer along with your welcome package, be sure to use melbet free spin promo code when filling out the registration form on Melbet. This code unlocks a casino welcome bonus of up to €1,750 plus 290 free spins that have no wagering requirements on selected slots. The free spins are credited automatically after your first deposit and can be used on popular games from top providers like Microgaming, Play'n'Go, and ELK Studios.
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